PHP MCQ - Module 2: Control Structures and Functions in PHP

1. Which of the following is a valid PHP conditional statement?

a) if condition { }
b) if (condition) { }
c) if [condition] { }
d) if {condition}

2. What is the correct syntax for an if-else statement in PHP?

a) if (condition) { } else { }
b) if condition then { } else { }
c) if {condition} else { }
d) if condition { } elseif { } else { }

3. Which PHP statement is used to test multiple conditions?

a) if
b) switch
c) case
d) for

4. How do you correctly use a switch statement in PHP?

a) switch { case 1: break; case 2: break; }
b) switch ($var) { case 1: break; case 2: break; }
c) switch ($var) { case 1 break; case 2 break; }
d) switch case { 1: break; 2: break; }

5. Which of the following is a correct while loop syntax in PHP?

a) while (condition) { code }
b) while condition { code }
c) while [condition] { code }
d) while {condition} { code }

6. What will the following loop output?

      for ($i = 1; $i <= 3; $i++) { 
	    echo $i; 
	  } 
      

a) 123
b) 0123
c) 321
d) Infinite loop

7. Which loop is guaranteed to execute at least once?

a) for
b) while
c) do-while
d) foreach

8. How do you define a function in PHP?

a) function functionName() { }
b) define function functionName() { }
c) def functionName() { }
d) create function functionName() { }

9. How do you return a value from a function in PHP?

a) exit value;
b) return value;
c) output value;
d) display value;

10. What is the scope of a variable defined inside a function?

a) Global
b) Local
c) Static
d) Dynamic

11. How do you pass parameters to a function in PHP?

a) functionName(value1, value2);
b) call function functionName(value1, value2);
c) invoke functionName(value1, value2);
d) define function functionName(value1, value2);

12. What keyword is used to make a variable global inside a function?

a) static
b) global
c) extern
d) public

13. What does the continue statement do in a loop?

a) Stops the loop execution
b) Skips the current iteration and moves to the next
c) Restarts the loop
d) Exits the function

14. What does the break statement do in PHP loops?

a) Skips to the next iteration
b) Exits the loop
c) Restarts the loop
d) Ignores the loop condition

15. What will the following function output?

      function test($x = 5) { 
       return $x * 2; 
      } 
      echo test(10); 
      

a) 5
b) 10
c) 20
d) 50

16. What is the correct syntax for a foreach loop?

a) foreach ($array as $value) { }
b) foreach $array { }
c) foreach ($value in $array) { }
d) foreach $array => $value { }

17. What happens if a function does not have a return statement?

a) Returns NULL
b) Causes an error
c) Returns False
d) Returns 0

18. What is the default parameter value in PHP functions?

a) null
b) undefined
c) 0
d) empty string

19. Can a function call itself in PHP?

a) Yes, it's called recursion
b) No, it causes an error
c) Yes, but only in classes
d) No, unless it's an anonymous function

20. Which keyword defines a static variable inside a function?

a) static
b) global
c) persistent
d) retain

21. What will be the output of the following code?

      function example() { 
	    static $x = 0; 
	    $x++; 
	    echo $x; 
	  } 
	  example(); 
	  example();
      

a) 01
b) 12
c) 11
d) 22

22. How do you include an external PHP file?

a) include 'file.php';
b) require 'file.php';
c) Both A & B
d) None of the above

23. What happens if a required file is missing?

a) Warning is shown
b) Script continues
c) Fatal error occurs
d) Nothing happens

24. What is the output of strlen("PHP")?

a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) Error

25. How do you create a function with variable arguments in PHP?

a) function demo(...$args) { }
b) function demo($args[]) { }
c) function demo($args...) { }
d) function demo(@args) { }

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